![]() ![]() In abuse cases, there is no limit to the injuries a police officer or investigator might encounter, and one of the most commonly seen injuries is bruising. The human body has the potential to offer investigators a great deal of information knowing a little bit about wounds and wound patterns can help investigators draw some preliminary conclusions about a case, corroborate or dispel a victim or suspect’s story, and even suggest the possible weapon or object used to inflict an injury. Others may be protecting their abuser from arrest and prosecution.Ī valuable resource to have in the investigator’s tool box is a basic understanding of injuries and how they occur. Others may be unable to tell you what happened due to a loss of consciousness or in the case of an elderly victim, dementia. Some may be fearful of retaliation or further abuse as in a domestic violence case. Victims may be reluctant or unable to share information with investigators for a variety of reasons. In child abuse, elder abuse, and/or domestic abuse cases it’s not uncommon to deal with victims who are scared, unwilling, or unable to tell investigators what happened. See also Casting Crime scene investigation.Police officers and detectives frequently investigate abuse cases. Many new methods are being developed for the collection and enhancement of impression evidence so that the maximum information can be extracted. However, electrostatic treatment allows the impression to be lifted onto a more stable surface for transport back to the lab. Contact with a brush or spray would destroy them. Impressions made in dust can be very fragile. Dyes can be used to bring up impressions in non-porous surfaces, such as linoleum, although these are absorbed by a porous surface like carpet. The impression is photographed on-site and then a plaster cast may be made, or the impression may be dusted with fingerprint powder. The method used to collect the impression evidence depends largely on how the impression was made and on what kind of surface. A three-dimensional impression is made when the surface over which the shoe passed was soft and the sole actually sank into it. Sometimes wet deposits on a sole will adhere to such a surface. The impression comes from static charge on the sole transferring particles from the sole to the surface. An object like the sole of a shoe will leave a two dimensional impression on a hard surface such as a tiled floor. Impressions may be found in either two or three dimensions. There is a need for the forensic scientist to retain as much information as possible when collecting impression evidence. Impression evidence is often fragile a tire track may deteriorate or even be destroyed by rainfall, for example. Collection of an impression is a specialized forensic task because, unlike a hair or bullet, an impression cannot just be packaged and taken back to the lab. Impressions can be found in a variety of surfaces including dust, carpet, mud, and, very significantly, blood. The major types of impression evidence are shoeprints, tire tracks, tool marks and the marks that are found on a fired bullet. The collection and analysis of impression evidence found at the scene of a crime can often be very important to an investigation. ![]() When an item like a shoe or a tire comes into contact with a soft surface, it leaves behind a pattern showing some or all of its surface characteristics known as an impression.
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